#別名 ac = Add-Content asnp = Add-PSSnapin clc = Clear-Content cli = Clear-Item clp = Clear-ItemProperty clv = Clear-Variable cpi = Copy-Item cpp = Copy-ItemProperty cvpa = Convert-Path diff = Compare-Object epal = Export-Alias epcsv = Export-Csv fc = Format-Custom fl = Format-List foreach = ForEach-Object % = ForEach-Object ft = Format-Table fw = Format-Wide gal = Get-Alias gc = Get-Content gci = Get-ChildItem gcm = Get-Command gdr = Get-PSDrive ghy = Get-History gi = Get-Item gl = Get-Location gm = Get-Member gp = Get-ItemProperty gps = Get-Process group = Group-Object gsv = Get-Service gsnp = Get-PSSnapin gu = Get-Unique gv = Get-Variable gwmi = Get-WmiObject iex = Invoke-Expression ihy = Invoke-History ii = Invoke-Item ipal = Import-Alias ipcsv = Import-Csv mi = Move-Item mp = Move-ItemProperty nal = New-Alias ndr = New-PSDrive ni = New-Item nv = New-Variable oh = Out-Host rdr = Remove-PSDrive ri = Remove-Item rni = Rename-Item rnp = Rename-ItemProperty rp = Remove-ItemProperty rsnp = Remove-PSSnapin rv = Remove-Variable rvpa = Resolve-Path sal = Set-Alias sasv = Start-Service sc = Set-Content select = Select-Object si = Set-Item sl = Set-Location sleep = Start-Sleep sort = Sort-Object sp = Set-ItemProperty spps = Stop-Process spsv = Stop-Service sv = Set-Variable tee = Tee-Object where = Where-Object ? = Where-Object write = Write-Output cat = Get-Content cd = Set-Location clear = Clear-Host cp = Copy-Item h = Get-History history = Get-History kill = Stop-Process lp = Out-Printer ls = Get-ChildItem mount = New-PSDrive mv = Move-Item popd = Pop-Location ps = Get-Process pushd = Push-Location pwd = Get-Location r = Invoke-History rm = Remove-Item rmdir = Remove-Item echo = Write-Output cls = Clear-Host chdir = Set-Location copy = Copy-Item del = Remove-Item dir = Get-ChildItem erase = Remove-Item move = Move-Item rd = Remove-Item ren = Rename-Item set = Set-Variable type = Get-Content#PSDrive alias cert env function hkcu hklm variable#獲取幫助 help get* help *process help dir help dir -full help dir -detailed help dir -example dir -?#轉義序列`0 //空值`a //Beep`b //退格`f //換頁`n //新行`r //回車`t //制表符`v //垂直引號`` // "`"#數字常量1kb // 10241mb1gb1e3 // 10000xFFFF // 65535#編輯腳本，推薦使用PrimalScript的最新版本，非常強大#設置腳本安全策略 set-executionpolicy Restricted #默認 set-executionpolicy AllSigned #部署 set-executionpolicy RemoteSigned #開發 set-executionpolicy Unrestricted #不推薦#執行腳本必須帶路徑 ./myScript.ps1#獲取基于用戶名和密碼的憑據對象 $cert = get-credential#對腳本簽名 $cert = Get-PfxCertificate C:\Test\Mysign.pfx Set-AuthenticodeSignature myScript.ps1 -cert $cert#操作系統 gwmi win32_operatingsystem#自動變量 $Args #傳遞進函數的參數 $_ #通過管道傳入的對象 $input #通過管道傳入的對象集合 $$ #前一命令行的最后一個標記 $? #上一命令的布爾狀態 $^ #前一命令行的第一個標記 $Matches #使用 –match 運算符找到的匹配項的哈希表 $Error[0] #前一次錯誤 $Home #用戶的主目錄 $Host #引用宿主 POWERSHELL 語言的應用程序 $LastExitCode #上一程序或腳本的退出代碼 $PSHome #Windows PowerShell 的安裝位置 $profile #標準配置文件（可能不存在） $StackTrace #Windows PowerShell 捕獲的上一異常#類型空類型[void] 數值類型[byte] typeof(byte) [decimal] typeof(decimal) [double] typeof(double) [float] typeof(float) [int] typeof(int) [long] typeof(long) [single] typeof(float) 字符類型[char] typeof(char) [string] typeof(string) 布爾類型[bool] typeof(bool) 集合類型[array] typeof(System.Array) typeof(System.Object[]) [hashtable] typeof(System.Collections.Hashtable) 其它[psobject] typeof(System.Management.Automation.PSObject) [ref] typeof(System.Management.Automation.PSReference) [regex] typeof(System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex) [scriptblock] typeof(System.Management.Automation.ScriptBlock) [switch] typeof(System.Management.Automation.SwitchParameter) [type] typeof(System.Type) [wmi] typeof(System.Management.ManagementObject) [wmiclass] typeof(System.Management.ManagementClass) [wmisearcher] typeof(System.Management.ManagementObjectSearcher) [xml] typeof(System.Xml.XmlDocument)example: #[void] [void] $var #可以阻止$var輸出#[xml] $var = [xml] "onetwo3" $var.top $var.top.a $var.top.a = "13"#自定義函數 function writeln([string] $str) { echo $str } function writeln([string] $str) { Begin {echo "Begin"} Process {echo $str} End {echo "End"} } function writeln { param ([string] $str = $(throw "missing parameter")); echo $str } ${function:writeln} = { param ([string] $str = $(throw "missing parameter")); echo $str }#文本文件讀寫 ${C:\test.txt} = "Hello`r`n" ${C:\test.txt} += "-----------------" $Line1 = ${C:\test.txt}[0]# $null $var = $null #刪除$var dir > $null $null = dir#Invoke $method = "ToUpper" "abc".$method.Invoke()#布爾值 $true $false#where, select等的用法 cd c:\ dir | where {$_.Name -eq "WINDOWS"} | select Length,Name dir | ? {$_.Name -eq "WINDOWS"}# 列出字符串對象"str"的所有屬性與方法 "str" | gm#強制類型變量 [Boolean] $condition = 0 [string] $str = "hello"#數組 $array = 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 $array = @(1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8) $array[-1] #最后一個元素 $array[0..4] $array[-1..-8] #倒序#哈希表 $hash = @{"Name"="Icebird"; "Job"="Engineer"}#如何取得文本的行數 (type C:\test.txt | measure-object).Count#從控制臺讀取一行輸入 $var = Read-Host#獲取環境變量 $path = $env:Path#讀取注冊表 $a = (gp "hklm:\\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion").ProductId#比較和運算 -like "file.doc" -like "file.*" -notlike -contains 1,2,3 -contains 1 -notcontains ---------------------------------- -eq = (忽略大小寫) -ieq = (忽略大小寫) -ceq = (不忽略大小寫) -ne != -gt > -lt < -ge >= -le <= 以上操作符也可用于對數組操作：1,2,3,5,3,2 -lt 3 ---------------------------------- -and -or -not ! 等價于-not -xor % 模運算 * 可用于字符串重復: "-" * 80#位操作 -band -bor -bnot -bxor#特殊操作 $a = "Hat" $a -replace "a","o" $a -is [string] $a = 1 -as [string] $b = @(1..5) "{0:d}" -f (get-date) "{0:yyyy-MM-dd}" -f (get-date)#格式化 $a = 123456789.456789 $a.ToString("F4") "{0:F4}" -f $a "{0,-20:F4}{1}" -f $a,0 "{0,20:F4}" -f $a "{0:x}" -f 100000 "{0:X}" -f 100000#正則表達式 $regex = [regex]"He" $str = "Hello, Hello" $isMatch = $str -match $regex $isMatch = $regex.ismatch($str) $matches = $regex.matches($str)#雙引號與單引號 $a = 1; "$a"會輸出1 '$a'會輸出$a# & 與 . .{$var = 1} #看作include &{$var = 1} #看作call &"dir" #意味著函數名之類的可以當作參數傳入#foreach foreach ($file in dir) { $file.Name } dir | % { $_.Name }#for for ($i = 1; $i -lt 5; $i++) {echo $i}#while $i = 0 while ($i -lt 4) { $i++; $i }#do...while $i = 10 do {$i--; $i} while ($i -lt 5)#do...until $i = 10 do {$i--; $i} until ($i -lt 5)#if...else[if] $obj = "Hello" if ($obj -is [string]) { "ISSTRING" } if ($obj -is [string]) { "ISSTRING" } else { "ISNOTSTRING" } if ($obj -is [string]) { "ISSTRING" } elseif ($obj -is [int]) { "ISINTEGER" }#switch switch (1,2,3) { 1 {"a"} 2 {"b"} 3 {"c"} default {"?"} } switch (1) { "a" {"China"} "b" {"Japan"} "c" {"c"} default {"???"} }#switch -regex $var = "abcdefg" switch -regex($var) { "^\w+$" {echo $_" is a word"} "^\d+$" {echo $_" is a number"} "^\s+$" {echo $_" is a space"} default {echo "?"} }#switch -casesensitive #switch -wildcard #switch -extract ?怎么用 #switch -file ?怎么用#拋出錯誤&捕獲異常 throw "Error" raised "Exception"trap {write-host "Error: " $_.Exception.Message #$_.TargetObject #$_.CategoryInfo #$_.FullyQualifiedErrorID #$_.ErrorDetails #$_.InvocationInfocontinue #break #return }#輸出格式化 Format-List Format-Table Format-Wide Format-Customdir | format-table -groupby Mode dir | sort Name -desc dir | sort Name -desc | select Name,Length,Mode | export-csv C:\dir.csv dir | sort Name -desc | select Name,Length,Mode | export-clixml C:\dir.csv dir | convertto-html#使用.NET的對象 $webclient = New-Object System.Net.WebClient $webclient.Encoding = [System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8 $url = "http://www.cnblogs.com/rss" $data = [string]$webclient.downloadstring($url)#使用COM對象 $spVoice = new-object -com "SAPI.spvoice" $spVoice.Speak("Hello, I am Icebird.")

轉載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/Icebird/archive/2008/02/11/PowerShellStudy.html

總結

以上是生活随笔為你收集整理的[PowerShell] PowerShell学习脚印的全部內容，希望文章能夠幫你解決所遇到的問題。

如果覺得生活随笔網站內容還不錯，歡迎將生活随笔推薦給好友。