Hadoop集群(一) Zookeeper搭建
作為Hadoop初學者，自然要從安裝入手。而hadoop的優勢就是分布式，所以，也一定要安裝分布式的系統。
整體安裝步驟，包括Zookeeper+HDFS+Hbase，為了文章簡潔，我會分三篇blog記錄我的安裝步驟。
本文記錄的是集群環境準備，zookeeper的安裝步驟。
~~~~~~~~~~~環境準備部分~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
IP部署規劃（準備了三個虛擬機，操作系統是Centos6.7）
Zookeeper主機分配
192.168.67.101 c6701192.168.67.102 c6702192.168.67.103 c6703
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HDFS主機分配
192.168.67.101 c6701 --Namenode+datanode192.168.67.102 c6702 --datanode192.168.67.103 c6703 --datanode
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Hbase主機分配
192.168.67.101 c6701 --Master + region192.168.67.102 c6702 --region192.168.67.103 c6703 --region
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1. 為了分別管理各個服務，我為每個服務，都單獨創建了用戶.
創建的用戶有:
zk
hdfs
hbase
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2. 為每一個用戶創建ssh免密,并分發到全部節點，這樣，我就只在C6701上執行命令，通過遠程的方式安裝C6702和C6703
ssh-keygen -t rsa -f ~/.ssh/id_rsa
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拷貝密鑰到全部節點即可（只有c6701訪問02和03不需要密碼，反向訪問是需要密碼的）
ssh-copy-id ?c6701 ?
ssh-copy-id ?c6702
ssh-copy-id ?c6703
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3. 強調一下，/etc/hosts 需要設置
[root@c6701 ~]# more /etc/hosts 192.168.67.101 c6701.org c6701192.168.67.102 c6702.org c6702192.168.67.103 c6703.org c6703
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4. 下面在C6701執行，中間會調用ssh遠程執行一些命令,驗證ssh免密是否生效
ssh c6702 "cat /proc/cpuinfo"
ssh c6702 "hostname"
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5. 下載安裝軟件（內網地址）
cd /tmp/software
wget http://192.21.104.48/deploy/jdk-8u144-linux-x64.tar.gz
wget http://192.21.104.48/deploy/zookeeper-3.4.6.tar.gz
wget http://192.21.104.48/deploy/hbase-1.1.3.tar.gz
wget http://192.21.104.48/deploy/hadoop-2.6.0-EDH-0u2.tar.gz
wget http://192.21.104.48/deploy/hadoop-2.7.1.tar.gz
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6. 安裝JDK，全部節點都要安裝
#tar -xzvf ?jdk-8u144-linux-x64.tar.gz -C /usr/local
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7. 添加下面信息到.bash_profile
export JAVA_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_144 ?
export JRE_HOME=/usr/local/jdk1.8.0_144/jre
export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jar:$JRE_HOME/lib:$CLASSPATH
export PATH=$JAVA_HOME/bin:$PATH
source /etc/profile
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8. 檢查版本信息
# java -version
java version "1.8.0_144"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_144-b01)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.144-b01, mixed mode)
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~~~~~~~~~~~zookeeper的安裝部分~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
1. 在C6701安裝Zookeeper
useradd zk
echo "zk:zk" | chpasswd
su - zk
mkdir zk
tar -zxvf /tmp/software/zookeeper-3.4.6.tar.gz -C /home/zk/zk
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~~~~~~~~~~~~~zoo.cfg的配置~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
$ pwd/home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/conf/zoo.cfg
$ cat /home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/conf/zoo.cfg |grep -v '^#'
tickTime=2000
initLimit=10
syncLimit=5
dataDir=/data/zookeeper/data
dataLogDir=/data/zookeeper/log
clientPort=2181
autopurge.snapRetainCount=3
autopurge.purgeInterval=6
server.1=c6701:2888:3888
server.2=c6702:2888:3888
server.3=c6703:2888:3888~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
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2. 根據zoo.cfg創建data和log兩個文件夾
#mkdir -p /data/zookeeper/data#mkdir -p /data/zookeeper/log#chown -R zk:zk /data/zookeeper#chown -R zk:zk /data/zookeeper/data#chown -R zk:zk /data/zookeeper/log
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3.在zookeeper的目錄中，創建上述兩個文件夾。進入zkdata文件夾，創建文件myid，填入1。這里寫入的1，是在zoo.cfg文本中的server.1中的1。當我們把所有文件都配置完畢，我們把hadoop1中yarn目錄復制到其它機器中，我們在修改每臺機器中對應的myid文本，hadoop2中的myid寫入2。其余節點，安照上面配置，依此寫入相應的數字。Zkdatalog文件夾，是為了指定zookeeper產生日志指定相應的路徑。
# su - zk -c "echo 1 > /data/zookeeper/data/myid"
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4. 添加環境變量,在/etc/profile目錄中,將ZOOKEEPER_HOME/bin在原有的PATH后面加入":$ZOOKEEPER_HOME/bin"
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關于環境變量修改/etc目錄下的profile文件，也可以在根目錄下的.bashrc目錄下添加環境變量。這兩者有什么區別：.bashrc是對當前目錄用戶的環境變量，profile文件是對所有用戶都開放的目錄。當系統加載文件中，先從profile找相應的路勁，如果沒有會在.bashrc文件中找對應的環境變量路徑。這兩者大家稍至了解。
然后 source /etc/profile
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5. 安裝c6702的zookeeper
#ssh c6702 "useradd zk"#ssh c6702 "echo "zk:zk" | chpasswd"
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為zk用戶ssh免密
#ssh-copy-id ?zk@c6702
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拷貝軟件
#scp -r /tmp/software/hadoop-* root@c6702:/tmp/software#ssh c6702 "chmod 777 /tmp/software/*"
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創建目錄，解壓軟件
#ssh zk@c6702 "mkdir zk"#ssh zk@c6702 "tar -zxvf /tmp/software/zookeeper-3.4.6.tar.gz -C /home/zk/zk"#ssh zk@c6702 "ls -al zk"#ssh zk@c6702 "ls -al zk/zookeeper*"#ssh zk@c6702 "rm /home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/conf/zoo.cfg"#scp -r /home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/conf/zoo.cfg zk@c6702:/home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/conf/.#ssh zk@c6702 "cat /home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/conf/zoo.cfg |grep -v '^#'"
根據zoo.cfg創建目錄#ssh c6702 "mkdir -p /data/zookeeper/data"#ssh c6702 "chown -R zk:zk /data/zookeeper"#ssh c6702 "chown -R zk:zk /data/zookeeper/data"#ssh c6702 "mkdir -p /data/zookeeper/log" #ssh c6702 "chown -R zk:zk /data/zookeeper/log"
創建文件myid，填入2
ssh zk@c6702 ?"echo 2 > /data/zookeeper/data/myid"
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6. 安裝c6703的zookeeper
#ssh c6703 "useradd zk"#ssh c6703 "echo "zk:zk" | chpasswd"
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為zk用戶ssh免密
ssh-copy-id ?zk@c6703
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拷貝軟件
#scp -r /tmp/software/hadoop-* root@c6703:/tmp/software#ssh c6703 "chmod 777 /tmp/software/*"
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創建目錄，解壓軟件
#ssh zk@c6703 "mkdir zk"#ssh zk@c6703 "tar -zxvf /tmp/software/zookeeper-3.4.6.tar.gz -C /home/zk/zk"#ssh zk@c6703 "ls -al zk"#ssh zk@c6703 "ls -al zk/zookeeper*"#ssh zk@c6703 "rm /home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/conf/zoo.cfg"#scp -r /home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/conf/zoo.cfg zk@c6703:/home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/conf/.#ssh zk@c6703 "cat /home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/conf/zoo.cfg |grep -v '^#'"
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根據zoo.cfg創建目錄
#ssh c6703 "mkdir -p /data/zookeeper/data"#ssh c6703 "chown -R zk:zk /data/zookeeper"#ssh c6703 "chown -R zk:zk /data/zookeeper/data"#ssh c6703 "mkdir -p /data/zookeeper/log" #ssh c6703 "chown -R zk:zk /data/zookeeper/log"
創建文件myid，填入3
ssh zk@c6703 ?"echo 3 > /data/zookeeper/data/myid"
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7. 啟動ZK
/home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/zkServer.sh start/home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/zkServer.sh status
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遠程啟動命令
ssh zk@c6702 "/home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/zkServer.sh\ start"
ssh zk@c6703 "/home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/zkServer.sh\ start"
ssh zk@c6702 "/home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/zkServer.sh\ status"
ssh zk@c6703 "/home/zk/zk/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/zkServer.sh\ status"
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8. 沒有全部啟動三個ZK前的狀態
[vagrant@c7003 bin]$ ./zkServer.sh status
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by defaultUsing config: /home/vagrant/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin/../conf/zoo.cfg
Error contacting service. It is probably not running.
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9. 需要將三個ZK全啟動之后，才能選舉出leader
$ ./zkServer.sh status
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by defaultUsing config: /home/vagrant/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin/../conf/zoo.cfgMode: follower[vagrant@c7002 bin]$ ./zkServer.sh status
ZooKeeper JMX enabled by defaultUsing config: /home/vagrant/zookeeper-3.4.10/bin/../conf/zoo.cfgMode: leader
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=======2018.1.13更新==========
客戶端連接方式
客戶端是隨機順序的方式連接server的，無法指定，或者優先讀哪個一個zookeeper server。
./zkCli.sh -server c6701:2181,c6702:2181,c6703:2181
輸出如下：
第一次連接，連接到c6701上
[zookeeper@c6702 bin]$ /usr/local/hadoop/zookeeper-3.4.6/bin/zkCli.sh -server c6701:2181,c6702:2181,c6703:2181
Connecting to c6701:2181,c6702:2181,c6703:2181......2018-01-11 21:07:30,797 [myid:] - INFO ?[main:ZooKeeper@438] - Initiating client connection, connectString=c6701:2181,c6702:2181,c6703:2181 sessionTimeout=30000 watcher=org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeperMain$MyWatcher@4b4bc1e
Welcome to ZooKeeper!2018-01-11 21:07:30,830 [myid:] - INFO ?[main-SendThread(c6701.python279.org:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@975] - Opening socket connection to server c6701.python279.org/192.168.67.101:2181. Will not attempt to authenticate using SASL (unknown error)
JLine support is enabled2018-01-11 21:07:30,873 [myid:] - INFO ?[main-SendThread(c6701.python279.org:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@852] - Socket connection established to c6701.python279.org/192.168.67.101:2181, initiating session2018-01-11 21:07:30,916 [myid:] - INFO ?[main-SendThread(c6701.python279.org:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@1235] - Session establishment complete on server c6701.python279.org/192.168.67.101:2181, sessionid = 0x160e70285f70001, negotiated timeout = 30000
WATCHER::
WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:None path:null
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第二次連接，連接到c6702上
Connecting to c6701:2181,c6702:2181,c6703:2181......2018-01-11 21:10:18,442 [myid:] - INFO ?[main:ZooKeeper@438] - Initiating client connection, connectString=c6701:2181,c6702:2181,c6703:2181 sessionTimeout=30000 watcher=org.apache.zookeeper.ZooKeeperMain$MyWatcher@4b4bc1e
Welcome to ZooKeeper!2018-01-11 21:10:18,489 [myid:] - INFO ?[main-SendThread(c6702.python279.org:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@975] - Opening socket connection to server c6702.python279.org/192.168.67.102:2181. Will not attempt to authenticate using SASL (unknown error)
JLine support is enabled2018-01-11 21:10:18,508 [myid:] - INFO ?[main-SendThread(c6702.python279.org:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@852] - Socket connection established to c6702.python279.org/192.168.67.102:2181, initiating session2018-01-11 21:10:18,561 [myid:] - INFO ?[main-SendThread(c6702.python279.org:2181):ClientCnxn$SendThread@1235] - Session establishment complete on server c6702.python279.org/192.168.67.102:2181, sessionid = 0x260e70284650002, negotiated timeout = 30000
WATCHER::
WatchedEvent state:SyncConnected type:None path:null
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至此，基礎環境部署完。并且zookeeper也安裝完成。下面我們會在下一篇文章中，繼續安裝HDFS。
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轉載于:https://www.cnblogs.com/mylovelulu/p/9521984.html
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