業務描述

假設有200張票，用4個線程去訂票，不能有兩個或者以上的線程訂到了 同一個票（原因就不說了），當最后一張票賣掉的時候結束，再訂就拋 異常提示出票賣完了。

業務分析

1、需要創建一個車票類，初始化票，賣票的接口saleTicket()2、自定義異常的一個類。3、創建賣票線程類，在run方法中賣車票。4、初始化車票的線程,負責初始化車票,也就是初始化Ticket類中的數組。5、創建主方法進行測試。

結果圖

售票窗口3:2號車票已售出！ 售票窗口1:1號車票已售出！ 售票窗口4:3號車票已售出！ 售票窗口2:4號車票已售出！ 售票窗口4:5號車票已售出！ 售票窗口1:6號車票已售出！ 售票窗口3:7號車票已售出！ 售票窗口1:8號車票已售出！ 售票窗口4:9號車票已售出！ 售票窗口2:10號車票已售出！ homeworkday33.TicketsSellOutException: 票已售空！at homeworkday33.Ticket.saleTickets(Ticket.java:52)at homeworkday33.SaleTicketsThread.run(SaleTicketsThread.java:18)at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:832) homeworkday33.TicketsSellOutException: 票已售空！at homeworkday33.Ticket.saleTickets(Ticket.java:52)at homeworkday33.SaleTicketsThread.run(SaleTicketsThread.java:18)at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:832) homeworkday33.TicketsSellOutException: 票已售空！at homeworkday33.Ticket.saleTickets(Ticket.java:52)at homeworkday33.SaleTicketsThread.run(SaleTicketsThread.java:18)at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:832) homeworkday33.TicketsSellOutException: 票已售空！at homeworkday33.Ticket.saleTickets(Ticket.java:52)at homeworkday33.SaleTicketsThread.run(SaleTicketsThread.java:18)at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:832)Process finished with exit code 0

代碼：

一個main方法
一個車票類
兩個線程類
一個異常類

main方法

public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {Ticket tickets = new Ticket(10);Thread t0 = new Thread(new InitializeTicketsThread(tickets));t0.setName("初始化車票");t0.start();//拋出異常，若車票尚未初始化完成，不可售票！//等到t0線程完成，才可繼續執行main線程t0.join();Thread t1 = new Thread(new SaleTicketsThread(tickets));t1.setName("售票窗口1");t1.start();Thread t2 = new Thread(new SaleTicketsThread(tickets));t2.setName("售票窗口2");t2.start();Thread t3 = new Thread(new SaleTicketsThread(tickets));t3.setName("售票窗口3");t3.start();Thread t4 = new Thread(new SaleTicketsThread(tickets));t4.setName("售票窗口4");t4.start();} }

車票類

public class Ticket {//字符串數組中存儲每張票的名稱private String[] tickets;//初始時總票數private int initialTicketNumber;//賣出車票的數量，初始化時為0private int sellOutTickets;//setter不可提供，總票數在最開始時便以確定不可更改，字符串數組在構造方法中有，也不可更改public String[] getTickets() {return tickets;}public int getInitialTicketNumber() {return initialTicketNumber;}public Ticket(int initialTicketNumber) {this.tickets = new String[initialTicketNumber];this.initialTicketNumber = initialTicketNumber;}public Ticket() {this(200);}//初始化票public void initializeTickets(){for (int i = 0; i < tickets.length; i++) {tickets[i] = (i+1) + "號車票";}}//初始化賣票的接口 saleTicketspublic synchronized String saleTickets() throws TicketsSellOutException {if ((initialTicketNumber - sellOutTickets) > 0){String ticket = tickets[sellOutTickets];//特意出現賣出同張車票的場景try {Thread.sleep(10);} catch (InterruptedException e) {e.printStackTrace();}sellOutTickets++;return ticket;}else{throw new TicketsSellOutException("票已售空！");}} }

初始化車票線程類

/**負責初始化車票的線程**/ public class InitializeTicketsThread implements Runnable{private Ticket tickets;boolean run = true;public InitializeTicketsThread(Ticket tickets) {this.tickets = tickets;}public InitializeTicketsThread() {}@Overridepublic void run() {tickets.initializeTickets();} }

售賣車票線程類

public class SaleTicketsThread implements Runnable{private Ticket tickets;boolean run = true;public SaleTicketsThread() {}public SaleTicketsThread(Ticket tickets) {this.tickets = tickets;}@Overridepublic void run() {while (run){try {System.out.println(Thread.currentThread().getName() +":"+ tickets.saleTickets() + "已售出！");} catch (TicketsSellOutException e) {run = false;e.printStackTrace();}}} }

車票售空異常類

public class TicketsSellOutException extends Exception {public TicketsSellOutException() {}public TicketsSellOutException(String message) {super(message);} }

總結

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