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springmvc代码详细(五种映射，绑定参数，处理json数据，文件上传，转发，拦截器的实现)

發布時間：2025/3/19 c/c++ 19 豆豆

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項目結構圖：

父工程的pom.xml文件：

<properties><junit.version>4.10</junit.version><spring.version>4.1.3.RELEASE</spring.version><mybatis.version>3.2.8</mybatis.version><mybatis.spring.version>1.2.2</mybatis.spring.version><mybatis.paginator.version>1.2.15</mybatis.paginator.version><mysql.version>5.1.32</mysql.version><slf4j.version>1.6.4</slf4j.version><jackson.version>2.4.2</jackson.version><druid.version>1.0.9</druid.version><httpclient.version>4.3.5</httpclient.version><jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version><servlet-api.version>2.5</servlet-api.version><jsp-api.version>2.0</jsp-api.version><joda-time.version>2.5</joda-time.version><commons-lang3.version>3.3.2</commons-lang3.version><commons-io.version>1.3.2</commons-io.version></properties><dependencyManagement><dependencies><dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><version>${junit.version}</version><scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-context</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.mybatis</groupId><artifactId>mybatis</artifactId><version>${mybatis.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.mybatis</groupId><artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId><version>${mybatis.spring.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.github.miemiedev</groupId><artifactId>mybatis-paginator</artifactId><version>${mybatis.paginator.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><version>${mysql.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.slf4j</groupId><artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId><version>${slf4j.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId><artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId><version>${jackson.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>druid</artifactId><version>${druid.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId><artifactId>httpclient</artifactId><version>${httpclient.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>jstl</groupId><artifactId>jstl</artifactId><version>${jstl.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>javax.servlet</groupId><artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId><version>${servlet-api.version}</version><scope>provided</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>javax.servlet</groupId><artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId><version>${jsp-api.version}</version><scope>provided</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>joda-time</groupId><artifactId>joda-time</artifactId><version>${joda-time.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId><artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId><version>${commons-lang3.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId><artifactId>commons-io</artifactId><version>${commons-io.version}</version></dependency></dependencies></dependencyManagement><build><finalName>${project.artifactId}</finalName><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId><artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId><version>2.7</version><configuration><encoding>UTF-8</encoding></configuration></plugin><plugin><groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId><artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId><version>3.2</version><configuration><source>1.7</source><target>1.7</target><encoding>UTF-8</encoding></configuration></plugin></plugins><pluginManagement><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId><artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId><version>2.2</version></plugin></plugins></pluginManagement></build>

子工程的pom.xml文件：

<dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.slf4j</groupId><artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId><artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>jstl</groupId><artifactId>jstl</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>javax.servlet</groupId><artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId><scope>provided</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>javax.servlet</groupId><artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId><scope>provided</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId><artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId><version>1.3.2</version></dependency></dependencies><build><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId><artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId><version>2.2</version><configuration><port>8080</port><path>/</path></configuration></plugin></plugins> </build>

springmvc-servlet.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"><context:component-scan base-package="com.ljh.web"/><mvc:annotation-driven/><bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"><property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"></property><property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property></bean><bean id="multipartResolver"class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver"><property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"></property><property name="maxUploadSize" value="5242880"></property></bean><mvc:interceptors><mvc:interceptor><mvc:mapping path="/**"/><bean class="com.ljh.web.MyHandler"></bean></mvc:interceptor></mvc:interceptors></bean

web.xml：

<!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC"-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN""http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd" ><web-app><filter><filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class> <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>utf-8</param-value> </init-param></filter><filter-mapping> <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name><url-pattern>/*</url-pattern></filter-mapping><servlet><servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name><servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class><init-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value></init-param><load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup></servlet><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name><url-pattern>/rest/*</url-pattern></servlet-mapping></web-app>

User：

package com.ljh.pojo;public class User {private Integer id;private String name;private Integer age;public Integer getId() {return id;}public void setId(Integer id) {this.id = id;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public Integer getAge() {return age;}public void setAge(Integer age) {this.age = age;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "User{" +"id=" + id +", name='" + name + '\'' +", age=" + age +'}';} }

Hello2：

package com.ljh.web;import com.ljh.pojo.ListUser; import com.ljh.pojo.User; import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*; import org.springframework.web.multipart.MultipartFile; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse; import java.io.File; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List;@Controller public class Hello2 {/*** 五種映射方式的演示從show1到show7* @return*///標椎url映射@RequestMapping("show1")public ModelAndView test1(){ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView();mv.addObject("msg","第一個注解程序");mv.setViewName("hello");return mv;}//ant方式映射 *代表通配符有* 和** 兩種方式一個*只能匹配一個位置的字符兩個* 可以匹配0個,一個或者多個位置的字符//比如：/*/show2 URL可以寫成 /aaa/show2.do ;/**/show2 url可以寫成 /show2.do 或者 /aa/show2.do 以及/aa/bb/show2.do 都可以@RequestMapping("/**/show2")public ModelAndView test2(){ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView("hello");mv.addObject("msg","這是通配符映射");return mv;}//占位符映射其中{userid}和{username}就是兩個占位符在URL中這兩個位置可以寫任意字符//@PathVariable() 可以通過這個注解來獲取占位符的值@RequestMapping("test/{userid}/{username}/show3")public ModelAndView test3(@PathVariable("userid") int id,@PathVariable("username")String name){ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView("hello");mv.addObject("msg","這是占位符映射 userid:"+id+"username:"+name);return mv;}//限制請求方式映射可以寫多種請求方式用{}就可以如果一個的話就不需要{}了 405:請求方式錯誤@RequestMapping(value = "show4",method = {RequestMethod.GET,RequestMethod.POST})public ModelAndView test4(){ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView("hello");mv.addObject("msg","這是限制請求方式映射");return mv;}//限制請求參數@RequestMapping(value = "show5",params = "userId") //表示url必須要帶上UuserId這個參數才可以訪問比如/shoiw5.do?userId=任意值public ModelAndView test5(){ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView("hello");mv.addObject("msg","這是限制請求方式映射");return mv;}@RequestMapping(value = "show6",params = "!userId") //表示url中UuserId不能作為參數的名稱才可以訪問比如/shoiw5.do?aaa=任意值public ModelAndView test6(){ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView("hello");mv.addObject("msg","這是限制請求方式映射");return mv;}@RequestMapping(value = "show7",params = "userId!=1") //表示url中UuserId的值不能等于1才可以訪問比如/shoiw5.do?userId=除了1以外都可以public ModelAndView test7(){ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView("hello");mv.addObject("msg","這是限制請求方式映射");return mv;}//如何獲取頁面上的請求參數獲取form表單的數據@RequestMapping("show8")public void test8(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response){String username = request.getParameter("userName");String password = request.getParameter("passWord");System.out.println(username+" "+password);}//第二種獲取請求參數的方式 @RequestParam() 相當于request.getParameter()//@RequestParam()里面還有兩個屬性 required和defaultValue//required默認為true 表示該屬性必須要賦值如果是false的話該屬性可以不賦值就提交表單如果是int類型的屬性設置為false的話會出現400錯誤最好使用Ingeter類型因為int類型不寫會用0表示 0也是數字//defaultValue是默認值的意思如果有defaultValue的話那么required就會失效@RequestMapping("show9")public ModelAndView test9(@RequestParam("username" ) String username,@RequestParam("age") int age ){ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView("hello");mv.addObject("msg","username="+username+"age="+age);return mv;}//獲取cookie的值@RequestMapping("show11") //通過這種方法進去到cookie.jsp頁面通過視圖解析器解析返回的字符串實現跳轉頁面public String test11(){return "cookie";}@RequestMapping("show10") //從cookie.jsp頁面跳轉到 show10中public String test10(@CookieValue(value = "name",required = false) String name,@CookieValue(value = "age") int age){System.out.println(name+" "+age);return "hello";}//pojo對象傳遞參數@RequestMapping("show12")public ModelAndView test12(User user){ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView("hello");mv.addObject("msg",user);System.out.println(user);return mv;}//數據類型的綁定@RequestMapping("show13")@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.OK)//響應狀態碼可以解決返回值為void的問題因為這個注解直接響應了成功的狀態碼public void test13(@RequestParam("name") String name,@RequestParam("age")Integer age,@RequestParam("income")Double income,@RequestParam("isMarried")Boolean isMarried,@RequestParam("interests")String[] interests){System.out.println("name="+name);System.out.println("age="+age);System.out.println("income="+income);System.out.println("isMarried="+isMarried);System.out.println("interests="+interests);}//list綁定這里面的方法不能直接用集合做參數所以創建了一個ListUser類做參數@RequestMapping("show14")@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.OK)public void test14(ListUser listUser){if(listUser.getUser()!=null){for(User u : listUser.getUser()){System.out.println(u);}}}//jsp 和jstl視圖解析器@RequestMapping("show15")public ModelAndView test15(){ModelAndView mv = new ModelAndView("users");User user1 = new User();user1.setId(1);user1.setName("張三");user1.setAge(20);User user2 = new User();user2.setId(2);user2.setName("李四");user2.setAge(20);User user3 = new User();user3.setId(3);user3.setName("王五");user3.setAge(20);User user4 = new User();user4.setId(4);user4.setName("小明");user4.setAge(20);List<User> list = new ArrayList<User>();list.add(user1);list.add(user2);list.add(user3);list.add(user4);mv.addObject("list",list);return mv;}//以json格式輸出數據單個對象@RequestMapping("show16")@ResponseBody //用@ResponseBody會把返回的對象進行json輸出注意是返回的對象public User test16(){User user1 = new User();user1.setId(1);user1.setName("張三");user1.setAge(20);return user1;}//集合處理@RequestMapping("show17")@ResponseBodypublic List<User> test17(){User user1 = new User();user1.setId(1);user1.setName("張三");user1.setAge(20);User user2 = new User();user2.setId(2);user2.setName("李四");user2.setAge(20);User user3 = new User();user3.setId(3);user3.setName("王五");user3.setAge(20);User user4 = new User();user4.setId(4);user4.setName("小明");user4.setAge(20);List<User> list = new ArrayList<User>();list.add(user1);list.add(user2);list.add(user3);list.add(user4);return list;}//處理json數據并顯示出來@RequestMapping("show18")@ResponseBodypublic List<User> test18(){User user1 = new User();user1.setId(1);user1.setName("張三");user1.setAge(20);User user2 = new User();user2.setId(2);user2.setName("李四");user2.setAge(20);User user3 = new User();user3.setId(3);user3.setName("王五");user3.setAge(20);List<User> list = new ArrayList<User>();list.add(user1);list.add(user2);list.add(user3);return list;}//跳轉json頁面方法@RequestMapping("show19")public String test19(){return "json";}//接收json串轉換為pojo對象@RequestMapping("show20")@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.OK)public void test20(@RequestBody User user){System.out.println(user);}//集合@RequestMapping("show21")@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.OK)public void test21(@RequestBody List<User> list){for(User u : list){System.out.println(u);}}//通用頁面的跳轉也要在核心控制器中修改url路徑為/* 原本是*.do@RequestMapping("{path}")public String test22(@PathVariable("path") String path){return path;}//文件上傳@RequestMapping("upload.do")public String upload(@RequestParam("file") MultipartFile multipartFile) throws Exception{if(multipartFile != null){multipartFile.transferTo(new File("e://temp//"+multipartFile.getOriginalFilename()));}return "success";}//轉發 forward 不僅可以轉發跳轉頁面還可以跳轉到方法上@RequestMapping("show22")public String test22(){/*return "forward:user.html"; */return "forward:/rest/show1";}@RequestMapping("login")public String login(){return "forward:/login.jsp";} }

MyHandler攔截器：

package com.ljh.web;import org.springframework.web.servlet.HandlerInterceptor; import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest; import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;public class MyHandler implements HandlerInterceptor {//前置方法@Overridepublic boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception {System.out.println("執行前置方法");return true;//true 表示繼續執行后面的邏輯 false 表示不繼續執行}//后置方法@Overridepublic void postHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, ModelAndView modelAndView) throws Exception {System.out.println("執行后置方法");}//完成方法@Overridepublic void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler, Exception ex) throws Exception {System.out.println("執行完成方法");} }

cookie.jsp：

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head><title>Title</title><script>document.cookie="name=zhangsan";document.cookie="age=20";</script> </head> <body><a href="show10.do">提交</a> </body> </html>

hello.jsp：

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" isELIgnored="false" %> <%--isELIgnored="false"這句話是添加上去的因為在頁面中原本是不能使用el表達式的這句話的意思就是忽略el表達式現在可以使用el表達式來獲取數據了--%> <html> <head><title>Title</title> </head> <body>${msg} </body> </html>

json.jsp：

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" isELIgnored="false" %> <html> <head><title>Title</title><%--因為本地沒有jquery包所以引入網上的包--%><script type="text/javascript" src="http://libs.baidu.com/jquery/2.0.0/jquery.min.js"></script> </head> <body><script type="text/javascript">$.ajax({type:"get",url:"/show18.do",success: function (data) {var t = "";$(data).each(function (i) {t += "<tr><td>" + data[i].id + "<tr><td>" + data[i].name + "<tr><td>" + data[i].age+"<tr><td>"});$("table").append(t);}});</script><table border="1"><tr><td>id</td><td>name</td><td>age</td></tr></table></body> </html>

success.jsp：

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head><title>Title</title> </head> <body> 上傳成功 </body> </html>

upload.jsp：

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head><title>Title</title> </head> <body> <h2>上傳頁面</h2> <form action="/rest/upload.do" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data" ><input type="file" name="file" ><br><input type="submit" value="上傳"> </form> </body> </html>

users.jsp：

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" isELIgnored="false" %> <%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %> <html> <head><title>Title</title> </head> <body><table border="1"><thead><tr><th>ID</th><th>Name</th><th>Age</th></tr></thead><tbody><c:forEach items="${list}" var="user"><tr><td>${user.id}</<td><td>${user.name}</<td><td>${user.age}</<td></tr></c:forEach></tbody> </table> </body> </html>

list.jsp：

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %> <html> <head><title>Title</title> </head> <body><form action="/show14.do">用戶1：<input type="text" name="user[0].name"/><br/><%--這個user必須要和ListUser類中的變量名一樣那么要和User中的變量名一樣--%>用戶2：<input type="text" name="user[1].name"/><br/>用戶3：<input type="text" name="user[2].name"/><br/><input type="submit" value="測試"/></form></body> </html>

user.html

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>Title</title> </head> <body><form action="/show8.do" method="post">姓名：<input type="text" name="userName"><br/>密碼：<input type="password" name="passWord"><br/><input type="submit"></form><form action="/show13.do" method="post"><div>姓名:</div><div><input name="name" value="張三"/></div><div class="clear"></div><div>年齡:</div><div><input name="age" value="20"/></div><div class="clear"></div><div>收入:</div><div><input name="income" value="100000"/></div><div class="clear"></div><div>結婚:</div><div><input type="radio" name="isMarried" value="true" checked="checked"/>是<input type="radio" name="isMarried" value="false"/>否</div><div class="clear"></div><div>興趣:</div><div><input type="checkbox" name="interests" value="聽歌" checked="checked"/>聽歌<input type="checkbox" name="interests" value="書法" checked="checked"/>書法<input type="checkbox" name="interests" value="看電影" checked="checked"/>看電影</div><div class="clear"></div><div><input type="submit" value="提交表單"/></div></form> </body> </html>

總結

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